Sociology Ch Notes

Are a Result of the battle array and analysis of info from a variety of sources such as Interviews Observations Surveys They ar models that allow us to generalize and make predictions Students Need To Be Objective When Studying Sociology Do not be subjective We all have a judgement system that can be a problem when studying sociology require the I neighborly Control = the social mechanisms that regulate batchs live up tos Studied by means of 3 paradigms Functionalism Conflict Theory Symbolic Interactions A paradigm is a theoretical framework through which scientists study the world.Founders of the Discipline of Sociology Functionalists Augusta Comet (1798-1859) treasured to build better societies Recognized 2 equal yet opposing forces in society accessible Static (Tries to keep things the same) & Social dynamics (force for change & conflict) Founders Continued- Herbert Spencer-social Darwinism Emilee Druthers (1858-1917) First social researcher to feed out an Investigat ion using a large scale collection of data & wanted sociology to be more scientific Ideas and values are the driving force structure could put to work human behavior Social Solidarity = The bonds that unite society Shared beliefs These are important for society to fit harmoniously Collective Conscience = A groups common values, goals, outlook, interpretation of events & undistinguishable ways of thinking in smaller societies Solidarity = how connected people spirit to others in the environment Mechanical Solidarity = Pre-longitudinal Organic Solidarity = Social ties based upon a functional interdependence of the members of society (we are all dependent upon other, people we do not even know, for our everyday necessities) This is less personal than with automatic solidarity hen everyone knew each other, what to do, how to behave, and their place in the scheme of things. A overleap of solidarity can lead to Egoistic self-annihilation -few social connections and isolation Alarmi sts Suicide Exceptionally high level of solidarity places the soups interests as superior to the individuals. Fatalistic = withal much social control and Anomic = rapid change, usually economic. member of Labor = A unifying force Tailcoat Parsons One of the approximately influential Functionalists Robert Morton Manifest importees = the intended consequences of an action, LatentConsequence = unintended consequence of an action, & Dysfunctional Consequence = when an action weakens social bonds (a negative societal effect) Conflict Theorists Karl Marx (1818-1883) Extreme influence on world politics Focused upon discord and exploitation in society Social change, social institutions and social values are situated by economic forces Bourgeoisie- Owners of the means of production Proletariat Sold their grate Capitalism- Bourgeoisie seek to maximize profits & exploit workers Alienation Workers upstage from creativity and achievement, leads to despair False Consciousness Histori cal Materialism Harriet Martinets (1802-1876) olive- size of itd recognized Focused upon Industrialization & Capitalism, class, race & gender inequalities W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1063) First African American to receive Ph. D. From Harvard. Studied dual heritage & advocated the eradication of prejudice and discrimination Jane Adams (1860-1935) Hull House Poverty results from ignorance and structural barriers, not from failings in the morality of a person. John Bellary Foster The negative effects of capitalism on society and the planet as a whole. C.Wright Mills Social Conflict (Marxist) Sociological Imagination = A way of thinking that gives you an ground of the societal forces that shape your life- how society influences the outcome George Herbert Mead (186-1931)- Founder of Symbolic Internationalism, concerned in colonization George Simmer (1858-1918) Interaction amongst people is influenced by size of group Herbert Blamer Human beings behave toward things on the basis o f the meanings they ascribe to those things transmission system = a rapid, irrational mode in which people dont think rationally or clearly = in a group setting. populate overlook their heads and react eke acting Howard Becker Labeling Theory Human action is related to the labels connected to it. A label is attached to a certain behavior when a group with powerful social status labels it deviant. Deviance is rooted in the reactions and responses of others to an individuals acts. Max Weber (1864-1920) Began as Karl Marx, social class influences our outcomes, but vista that Mars two class system was too simple. Wealth is important, but so are political power and social status.Discussed the emerging Bureaucracies and Rationality . The Protestant Ethic led to or influenced the rise in Capitalism. The accumulation of wealthiness is a sign of Gods favor. Stressed that the study of sociology should be value salvage with no personal bias Emerging Paradigms Feminist Theory Gendered and interdisciplinary Exchange Theory Our social experiences consist of a series of rewards and costs. People want to maximize their rewards and minimize their costs which leads to their choice of social action Environmental Theory How do societies adjust to ecological changes (Beasts of The Southern fantastical movie). Humans are Just one type of organism sacramental manduction the ecological space with animals.